Narrative free essay sample

The Day I Found Out I Was Pregnant It was on April 28, 2013, the most exciting day of my life. On this day I found out that I am pregnant. At first I didnt believe it, but then it hit me. Later that day I had to tell my boyfriend the news. He was very excited, he said, l cant believe I am going to be a daddy! I knew at that moment that the rest of my life would never be the same. The more I thought about it, the more excited I became. I thought to myself, There is a little boy or girl growing inside of my stomach that I will love for the rest of my life. A single tear ran down my face from all of the excitement. As the day went by, my stomach started to get bigger and my love food soon dwindled down to almost nothing. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Soon enough, I heard my babys heartbeat; it was loud and sounded like a sweet song from heaven. Tears started to fill my eyes as I listened a little bit longer. A few weeks later I had my first ultrasound. I walked into the doctors office nervous and shaking. As I walked into the exam room and laid down on the bed, my whole body was shaking, but as soon as I saw my little on the screen, my nervousness turned into Joy and excitement. The doctor told me that I was 12 weeks and 4 days pregnant. I started to cry hysterically as I watched my little baby move around. About 8 weeks later, I had gone for another ultrasound to determine the gender of my baby. As I always did, I walked into the doctors office nervous as could be and shaking like a leaf. I waited for my name to be called. Soon I had gone into the exam room. First, the doctor checked to see if the baby had ten finger and ten toes. Next, she listened to the babys heartbeat to make sure nothing was wrong. Finally, after having to try to get the baby to change positions, we found out that I am having a boy. My boyfriend and I were extremely excited and overwhelmed. We then decided that his name would be London Michael. Now I am 25 weeks and 1 day pregnant. Little London constantly moves around and is always kicking. At first, his kicks felt like little flutters, but as he got bigger his kicks became more powerful and strong. As I get closer to my due date, December 23, 2013, my stomach continues to grow and the amount of excitement also grows. Narrative Essay By Rainstorms Narrative free essay sample CALTEX FUEL POINTE SERVICE STATION Sto. Nino, Gapan city, Nueva Ecija In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Presented by: Mr. Kevin M. Sesbreno B. S. Information Technology Presented to: Mrs. April A. Atendido OJT Coordinator Republic of the Philippines NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE amp; TECHNOLOGY San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus NARATIVE REPORT ON ON THE JOB TRAINING AT CALTEX FUEL POINTE SERVICE STATION Sto. Nino, Gapan city, Nueva Ecija In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Presented by: Mr. Emmanuel P. Garcia Mr. Kevin M. Sesbreno B. S. Information Technology Presented to: Mrs. April A. Atendido OJT Coordinator TABLE OF CONTENTS * Approval Sheet * Acknowledgement * Dedication I. INTRODUCTION a. Objectives of OJT b. Industrial Linkages amp; Coordination Office (Philosophy, Mission amp; Goals) II. The Training Agency / Company Profile a. Company Philosophy (Mission, Vision, Goals amp; Mandate) b. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page History (Company Background) III. Company Organization a. Organizational Structure b. Profiles of the Company c. Function of the Company d. Programs amp; Initiatives e. Expected Benefits IV. Experience Evaluation a. OJT Experience b. Insights Problems Encountered Suggestions amp; Recommendation V. APPENDICES a. Daily Time Record b. Weekly Report c. Evaluation d. Pictorials e. Certificate of Completion f. Author’s Data Republic of the Philippines NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfillment of the requirements in this NARRATIVE REPORT ON ON – THE – JOB TRAINING for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology has been prepared and submitted by EMMANUEL P. GARCIA. Recommended By: MRS. Lorna G. Flores Trainor Accepted and Approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements in the course BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, with rating of MRS. APRIL A. ATENDIDO OJT 1 Coordinator DATE OF APPROVAL: Republic of the Philippines NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfillment of the requirements in this NARRATIVE REPORT ON ON – THE – JOB TRAINING for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology has been prepared and submitted by KEVIN M. SESBRENO. Recommended By: MRS. Lorna G. Flores Trainor Accepted and Approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements in the course BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, with rating of MRS. APRIL A. ATENDIDO OJT 1 Coordinator DATE OF APPROVAL: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We like to acknowledge the almighty GOD who gave us wisdom and intellectual capacity to let this work be of reality. We want to thank GOD for His guidance, help and protecting us from the first day of my OJT up to the last day, and for giving us strength in everyday just to fulfill this program. Secondly, we would like to acknowledge Caltex Fuel Pointe Service Station for accepting us as there ON-THE-JOB TRAINEE. For giving us chance to experience how to work in their company, and we want to thank also the manager, employees, cashier, security guard for giving me as sort of advice regarding the work that we experienced, for the knowledge that we gained when we worked with them as an OJT TRAINEE. We also wish to acknowledge the following person who helped us to finish/fulfill this program. We would like to thank all people who have helped and inspired us during my on-the-job training. We would like to thank our parents Eric Garcia and Ma. Theresa Sesbreno for their  guidance, concern and understanding and love and care that strongly encourage us in the fulfillment of the desired task. To our Aunt Lorna G. Flores for guiding us and for untiring appreciation. DEDICATION This narrative report is dedicated to our Almighty GOD for His guidance, helped and protecting us up to the beginning of our OJT up to the end of it. We personally dedicate this narrative to our family for their support, effort, moral encouragement, and for supporting us financially just to finish this program, it is dedicated to them because they served as our inspiration to finish this program. And to give our best in OJT. Lastly, we dedicate this narrative report especially to ourselves because we know we gave all our effort and time to finish this program. This work is dedicated to our girlfriend, Hazel S. Odono and Jessie Anne Lafina without their caring support it would not have been possible, and to the effort of our parents, Mr. amp; Mrs. Garcia and Mr. amp; Mrs. Sesbreno just to fulfill this program. I. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION On the job training or OJT is one method by which students is given a chance to apply the theories and computations that they have learned from the school. It also helps the students to acquire relevant knowledge and skills by performing in actual work setting. Colleges and universities require their students to undergo such training within a specific number of hours as part of the curriculum. For the students, an OJT or internship program provides opportunities to go through the actual methodologies of a specific job using the real tools, equipments and documents. In effect, the workplace becomes a development venue for a student trainee to learn more about his chosen field and practice what he has learn from academy. On the other hand, an effective OJT program also benefits the companies who accept trainees. First OJT or intern provides additional manpower for a lesser labor cost than a regular employee. Most of them are all eager to learn the ropes so chances are high that they will cooperate. Employers can use this internship strategy as a method in recruiting new employees. Since the trainer or the supervisor can follow the trainees’ progress, he can gauge based on performance, behavior and attitude if the trainee will make a good recruit after the completion of his internship. This study examines an early element of federal job training policy implementation the job training plan in order to assess its effect on the fulfillment of federal policy goals. OBJECTIVES OF OJT PURPOSE This is exciting time for me to have an ON THE JOB TRAINING that will allow individuals to learn the knowledge and skills they have been hired to do. OBJECTIVES 1. To provide students the opportunity to promote and broaden her/his philosophy and understanding of the chosen profession. 2. To provide the OJT students the opportunity to integrate theory and practice in his/her professional educations, to encourage the exchange of contemporary thinking between the apprenticeship and the agency and the agency personnel. 3. To enable OJT students to obtain information which can be used as basis for making choices and relation to future careers, areas of specialization, and or for their study. 4. To provide students opportunity to gain experience, supervisory, and administrative function. 5. To enable student- trainee to realize his/her own strength and weaknesses. 6. To help students being an understanding and appreciation of the role duties, responsibilities of a full time professional. 7. To provide student-trainee with experience that will enable him/her to develop sound human relation. 8. To strengthen relationship between the cooperation agency and university. INDUSTRIAL LINKAGES AND COORDINATION PHILOSOPHY Industrial Linkages and Coordination shall be committed to the philosophy of training and molding highly motivated industrial workers who shall be responsible for the development of the country future middle level manpower to spur the economy. MISSION To provide access to relevant and comprehensive industrial training program for the students to enhance technical competence and ensure job placement. GOAL To provide quality training and proper skills, work attitude and knowledge to prospective student trainees in different degree and non degree programs of the university. IV. EXPERIENCE EVALUATION ON-THE-JOB TRAINING EXPERIENCE With almost two months of our OJT in Fuel Pointe Caltex Service Station, we have gained a lot of experience involving to real job situation. The staffs and bosses of F. P. C. S. S, treat us as nice as one of them. They elped us with the things that we must learn about their station as well as the company. In our training we used to arrange and manage records manually. We also encode some records like the total daily sales oil and gas weekly report. Compute the meters of every pump reading. We are so thankful with this opportunity to work with them as a trainee because we have applied and developed us to lear n how to deal with problems that we may encounter with our future job. During our ON-THE-JOB-TRAINING in Fuel Pointe Caltex Service Station, there was no considerable problem in our place assignment. The problems that arise are mostly because we not used to working in that environment. Some of these are; At first, we had lack of self confidence and hard time searching the right approach on our supervisor although they all show kindness to us. We are not consistent on our early attendance, sometimes we got late which is not a good thing about a real job situation. But up to the end of our ON-THE-JOB TRAINING we feel fulfilled and contented with all the knowledge and experience that we have gained of course with all the helped of our good LORD. AUTHORS DATA Name:Emmanuel P. Garcia Age:18 Address:134 Burgos St. San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija Birthday:December 18, 1994 Contact number:0926-600-3350 Father:Eric V. Garcia Mother:Valerie P. Garcia Course: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus AUTHORS DATA Name:Kevin M. Sesbreno Age:18 Address:153 Burgos St. San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija Birthday:July 25, 1994 Contact number:0935-797-3235 Father:Rico G. Sesbreno Mother:Ma. Theresa M. Sesbreno Course: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus Narrative free essay sample Many people may say that they go through many disappointments in life but im pretty sure we all can say that at some point in time in life. Life is full of obstacles that slow you down. Some even say you have to fail to succeed. We all have different sayings for this crazy thing called life but, we have to take what is given to us even if its negative and try to make into something positive. It was a morning in March, I anxiously went to the DMV to take the permit test it was my birthday so of course I was really excited and nervous at the same time. After I had been sitting more than thirty minutes, waiting and praying that I would get nothing but easy questions so that I would past with no problems at all, an old, short woman was sitting at the front desk and she called my number to come up to her desk. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her outfit was very wacky. She spoke to me and then handed me a clipboard with info that needed to be filled in the blanks so I filled it out and she proceeded with the permit test process. She tested my eye sight by having me look into a microscope and call out the letters that I saw on different rows. After she took my picture and had me proceed to the back where I would began taking the test. My heart was beating so fast and my palms were sweaty. As I proceeded to the back I approached a line of other people also waiting to take the test I couldn’t stop thinking to myself â€Å"what if I fail† â€Å"what I fail. † The line began to move up and I was only two people away from taking the test. After about twenty minutes I heard a lady say â€Å"next in line please† I walked to the desk and handed her a paper that she needed from the first desk in order for me to take the test. She told me to go to computer number one I began to approach the computer and on the screen it asked what state was I in. I clicked Maryland, it then told me my options to be able to skip go back and etc. It asked me basic questions as an example on how to use the different maneuvers on the computer. I answered the example questions and the real test began. My heart dropped as I read the questions and bubbled my answer. Each time I got one rite it would highlight in green saying correct each time I got one wrong it would highlight in red I got it wrong. I continued to about number ten and I had gotten that one wrong and I started to panic because you are only aloud to get three wrong out of twenty-one questions, I tried to keep my cool but I couldn’t stop thinking to myself â€Å"Oh My Gosh! †¦I can only get two more wrong before I blow this. † As I continued I heard a boy next to me scream â€Å"YESSSSSSS! ALRIGHT! † I couldn’t help but look at his screen after he got up and his screen said PASSED written really big across his screen in green, so I thought to myself okay I can do this, this test is easy so let me hurry up and get this over with. However, while I was being nosey on his screen I accidentally hit next question with the wrong answer bubbled and I got it wrong. I was very angry and upset at myself because now I could only get one question wrong. I was now on question twenty, the question was about blind spot. However I did not know what this was because I didn’t study so I took a guess and got it wrong and my screen said FAILED highlighted in red. I was so embarrassed and upset, I got up and walked to the counter and the lady told me to try again in 2 weeks. I walked out and my mom asked did I passed and I told her no. She told me this time maybe I should actually try to study. The moral to the story is always study before taking a test, even if you think you already know it because practice makes perfect. Narrative free essay sample It was a hot sunny day, when I finally took my kids to the Disney Land. My son Matthew and my daughter Durra endlessly asked me to show them the dream land of many children with Mackey Mouse and Snow-white walking by and arousing a huge portion of emotions. Somehow these fairy tale creatures can make children happy without such small presents as $100 Leg or a Barbs house in 6 rooms and garden furniture. Therefore, I thought that Disney Land was a good Invention for loving parents. However, I can ensure anybody that Disney can turn out to be a remarkable lace for adults too. Two years have already passed, but I still can not forget my experience at the roller coaster with a mysterious name Space Mountain. Tired of the smell of sweet popcorn and heroically washing the Ice-cream off Durra pink dress, I decided to change the settings. Along with Durra, Mathew pleaded to go to the roller coaster, and, having no other better Idea, I finally had to give up. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I thought that my wife would be proud of me.Besides, I have never had such an experience before, and thought of having such a ride was quite Intriguing. However, when I saw this big Mountain, the first signs of doubt started to appear in my confused conscience. A man at the age of 30, I felt terrified by the thought that we have to ride down. It is inhuman, suicidal experience I would have felt much better if we set down in the cafe and ate ice-cream. I thought about my children and looked at Mat. To my surprise, he was too preoccupied with Space Mountain to be worried about life safety. I also took a moment to appreciate the courage of Durra, who light- heartedly followed Mat. Finally, I rejected all doubt and climbed into this killing machine, where well qualified Disney personnel checked the safety belts, encouraged the suicides, I mean all who wanted to increase their adrenaline level, and wished a pleasant ride. At that moment, the only person that looked exited was Matthew. As for Durra, her eyes were full of fear, and once again I could not decide for myself whether I did right or not.The only thing that I new for sure was that my blood turned cold and I could not stop thinking that this entire mechanism could reek in a second. So, there was nothing a man could do but close his eyes and quickly leave the place of torture. I heard other people scream and even laugh, but could not make a sound myself. When I opened my eyes, I understood that Durra fully shared my feelings. And unfortunately even more. In several minutes, looking at my poor daughter, I thought that pop corn and Ice cream was far not the worst thing. Especially, if kept insideI was somehow no longer proud of myself as I could not get id of the thought that I did something wrong again. Narrative Essay By Elaborateness furniture. Therefore, I thought that Disney Land was a good invention for loving the smell of sweet popcorn and heroically washing the ice-cream off Drags pink the roller coaster, and, having no other better idea, I finally had to give up. I thought before, and thought of having such a ride was quite intriguing. However, when I saw my poor daughter, I thought that pop corn and ice cream was far not the worst thing. Narrative free essay sample It was a hot summer day in the year 2002 when I went camping with my family in Savannah, Georgia. I will never forget this day because it’s the day I learned the lesson that if I don’t obey my parents the consequences will be large. I was only about six years old when we first pulled into the campground. Of course being a young child the first thing I noticed was this extravagant playground out near the road. When me and my sister, Natalie who was around seven at this time, saw it we both looked at each other and knew we were going to go play on that playground. We pulled into our campsite that was located near the very back of the park and our parents started unpacking everything and setting up the motorhome. They were making it obvious they wanted us out of their way. They grabbed our dolls, bikes and chalk out of the car and told us to go play. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Natalie and I knew this was the perfect time to go play on the playground that we saw on our way in. It just so happened there was a playground right by our campsite as well. We came up with the perfect plan. We would tell our parents we were going to go play on the playground and trick into them into thinking we meant the one right near our campsite. In reality we planned on going to the big one near the front of the campground and not have to lie in the process. So we grabbed our bikes and asked our parents if we could ride over to the playground and play. They both said yes, so we rode off towards what we thought was the most beautiful playground weve ever saw. It was probably about a fifteen minute bike ride for us to get there. We dropped our bikes and ran to the playground and started playing. About a half hour passed when my sister Natalie decided she had to use the restroom. So she went around to the other side of the playground away from the road and decided to go. By this point we noticed there was this blue truck that drove past a few times while we were there. We began to get a little scared and thought maybe we should start going back to the camper. No sooner than we got back on our bikes our mom and dad came driving up with anger in their eyes. Me and Natalie knew we were about to be in some big trouble. Just as my parents got out of the car the man in the blue truck stopped and walked over. He started reprimanding my parents and told them they can’t let their kids run around without any supervision. He also said he was the manager and told my parents Natalie  used the restroom right out in the open. My parents apologized to the man and then made us apologize as well. The manager accepted our apology and told us we werent allowed back on that particular playground for the rest of our stay. By this point my our parents were livid and gave me and Natalie a 10 minute lecture about the dangers of them not knowing where we were and not being able to see us. They grabbed us and our bikes and we headed back to the campsite. When we got back they took all our toys and our bikes and we were told we werent allowed to join any of the activities the rest of the week. That week my family went swimming, horse back riding and hiking. Natalie and I didn’t get to do any of it and our siblings made sure they told us after every activity how fun it was. It was a time I’ll never forgot. It seems everything seems so much more traumatic when you are young. I learned the lesson that I should obey my parents even if I don’t necessarily want to. I’m not saying there arent times I don’t go against their will; but ever since that day I think to myself and analyze if the rule that I am about to break is worth the consequences I’ll have to pay if I get caught. Narrative free essay sample Education has been regarded as a means toward economic stability and progress. The increases productivity of the workforce is due mainly to the increase in the education and training of the people. The success and development of the country would greatly depend in the productivity of its human resources – which is considered as one of the vital asset of the nation. And to have a good and competent man power resources, quality education and intensive training is necessary for the students to become skilled and productive workers when they become part of the labor force (Taladtad Bala, 2010). It is said that education is primarily concerned with the opening out to the world of the students so that he can choose his interests and mode of living, and his career. (Taladtad, 2010) On the other hand, training is primarily concerned with the preparing the participants from certain lines of action, which are delineated by technology and by the organization in which he works. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The most effective method to develop the competence and skills of students is trough hands – on training – the on-the-job training. This process exposes the students to the different fields and learned. Moreover, it allows the students to become familiar and made known with the actual operation of the business and the state-of-the-art of the facilities, equipment and technology used (Rodelas, 2010). On-the-Job Training is a type of skill development where a student learns how to do the work through hands-on experience. This is in contrast to skill formation that is purely cognitive or perceptual. (Cyprus, 2012) OJT generally gives the trainee the opportunity to work in the same place and with the same equipment that will be used regularly which can make it an efficient approach to learn new things. As a senior student, taking up a degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology, it is a must for us to undergo 600 hours training in a company. Before the semester starts, the trainee looked a company where to spend the on-the-job training. The company that the trainee is applying for must be related to the trainee’s field of specialization, where she can apply the skills and knowledge learned. On-the-job training is a training that takes place at the work site and is supervised by a manager or an experienced co-worker. Certain job requires on-the-job training under the policy of the individual employer. For the students, OJT is the main method of acquiring human capital along with education. It helps the student enhancing their capability of work and develops their knowledge and skills by performing in actual work setting through day to day experience. On the other hand, a trainee also gives big help to the company, because they provide additional manpower to lessen their labor cost. Trainees can also contribute an idea that eventually helps in improving the organization’s productivity. On-the-job training also helps the trainee recognize its strong and weak points in the field of working. It allows the trainee to initiate ways to modify his/her weaknesses into a capability that could be a big help as the trainee is already in the real working environment. B. Objectives of On-The-Job Training 1. To enhance the student’s knowledge and skills acquired in the classroom in order to become more responsive to the demands of Information Technology (IT) Profession. 2. To develop the value of professionalism, love of work and commitment to people they serve. 3. To apply the relevant theories of IT profession and Code of Ethics into practice. 4. To feel and experience the actual world of work in computerized services. Goals of On-The-Job Training 1. Help you get back to work. 2. Bridge the gap between your current skills and the skills the employer is looking for. 3. Promote good paying jobs and career advancement. 4. Reimburse the cost of training and eligible worker to the hiring employer. D. Time and Place of Training The training was conducted from June 17, 2013 to October 11, 2013 at Rural Bank of Maasin (Southern Leyte), Inc. – Bontoc Branch (RBM – Bontoc) situated at Polacion, Bontoc, Southern Leyte. The training period covered a total period of 632 hours and 19 minutes. E. Definition of Terms Amortization. The process of reducing debt through regular installment payments of principal and interest that will result in the payoff of a loan at its maturity. Automated Teller Machine (ATM). A machine, activated by a magnetically encoded card or other medium that can process a variety of banking transactions. These include accepting deposits and loan payments, providing withdrawals, and transferring funds between accounts. Collateral. Assets that are offered to secure a loan or other credit. For example, if you get a real estate mortgage, the banks collateral is typically your house. Collateral becomes subject to seizure on default. Co-Maker. Person who signs a note to guarantee a loan made to another person and is jointly liable with the maker for repayment of the loan. (Also known as a Co-signer. ) Debit. A debit may be an account entry representing money you owe a lender or money that has been taken from your deposit account. Insurance (Hazard). Insurance to protect the homeowner and the lender against physical damage to a property from sources such as but not limited to fire, wind, or vandalism. Interest Rate. The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lenders money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Mortgage. A debt instrument used in a real estate transaction where the property is the collateral for the loan. A mortgage gives the lender a right to take possession of the property if the borrower fails to pay off the loan. Passbook. A book in ledger form in which are recorded all deposits, withdrawals, and earnings of a customers savings account. A. Training Venue Profile Brief History of Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc Branch Rural Bank of Maasin (Southern Leyte), Inc. – Bontoc Branch (RBM – Bontoc) was organized on 1975. It started with meager resources of less than a million pesos. Now, it has grown to more or less P40 million in resources. Its board of directors is composed of 7 members who are in control of the management and staff of 11. It operates in the City of Maasin and neighboring towns of Southern Leyte. Company Vision and Mission Vision A financial stable, progressive, dynamic and service oriented financial institution, able to attain it’s goals and services for which the bank has been organized. To promote professional fund management to provide satisfaction to our clientele, the government and the community which we serve. B. To promote the habit and thrift, savings and investment among its clientele and stockholder. C. To attain growth rate in resources of at least 10% a year. D. To determine strategies and targets to insure attainment of the bank’s vision. D. Company Code of Conduct We shall attend and actively participate in board meetings whether regular or special, including voting formation and making policies and other duties as maybe prescribed by laws and regulations. We shall not interfere in the operation and responsibilities of recruitment and promotion except that this is in accordance in the policy and guidelines of the bank. We shall attend training programs pertaining to policy development and understanding of operations of the organization to make us more knowledgeable and competent with the discharge of our duties and responsibilities. We shall not speak in behalf of the Board unless properly authorized to do so. We shall treat information acquired by reason of our office as member of the board with confidentiality. We shall not abuse our position to obtain advantage for family relatives, ourselves and or demonstrate any abuse of authority. We shall avoid at all-time any conflict of interest with respect to our fiduciary responsibility as board member. We shall serve loyally without self-interest, and free from conflict with other commitments. Should we disagree with any board decision, we shall clearly state that our view is personal in a manner so as not to prejudice and put into embarrassing compromise the integrity of the organization. Finally, we shall observe fairness, accountability and transparency in our dealings, either collectively or individually as members of the board and invoke, at all times, the guidance of the Divine Providence. Company Commitment We hereby commit faithfully to abide by the foregoing code of Good Governance. Any breach of the said Code of Good Governance shall be recorded by the Board of Directors. Any violator thereof shall be subjected to caution, admonition, reprimand or disqualification. Accountability and Responsibility of Personnel A. Branch Manager Is responsible for the overall strategic planning and direction of the company or organization. B. Senior Teller Provides timely and courteous service to the membership, including, but not limited to: general account information, account transactions, maintenance, and routine problems resolution. Conduct transactions on member accounts accurately and in accordance with established policies, procedures, state and federal regulations. Responsible for vault cash and for mentoring and guiding tellers on the teller line. C. Accounting Clerk An accounting clerk is a financial record keeper who uses specialized ledgers and software to record and process expenditures, receipts, payroll and all other financial transactions for a business or organization. D. Loan Clerk Is one who works in a bank, and whose primary responsibilities involve recording, creating, and maintaining loan paperworks. Loan clerks way have a number of possible job responsibilities, including interviewing loan applicants, completing loan application paperwork, performing credit checks, and creating the final loan paperwork among others. E. Bookkeeper (or book-keeper) Known as an accounting clerk or accounting technician, is person who records the day-to-day financial transactions of an organization. A bookkeeper is usually responsible for writing the â€Å"daybooks†. The daybooks consist of purchases, sales, receipts, and payments. The bookkeeper is responsible for ensuring all transactions are recorded in the correct day book, supplier’s ledger, costumer ledger and general ledger. F. Loan Analyst Is assigned in the review and analysis of financial information and loan documents. G. OJT A student who is being trained at the company. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN AT RBM BONTOC BRANCH June 17, 2013, was the day that the trainee started her On-The-Job training at Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc located at Poblacion, Bontoc, Southern Leyte. On her first day on the bank the branch manager, Allan A. Cabilao welcomed the trainee and introduced the employees and the rules and regulations in the bank. After that, the branch manager then assigned me my first task. The following are the activities undertaken by the trainee: 1. Typing of Documents Using a Typewriter The trainee was tasked to type some files and documents that are useful in the loans department. There is already a paper that the trainee will just fill some important information on it from the applicants using a typewriter. Files to type: Cash Flows Collection Letters Envelops for Collection Letters 2. Answering a Telephone Call When all the staffs were all busy with their respective works; the trainee was the one who will answer a telephone call. In answering a telephone call, the trainee speaks slowly and clearly so that the caller can understand what the trainee says and projecting a tone that is cheerful, confident, enthusiastic, and helpful. Also, the trainee uses a standard greeting such as â€Å"good morning†, if the caller calls in the morning and â€Å"good afternoon† if it is afternoon. When the caller wants to talk to some employees in the bank, the trainee will then tell the caller to wait and gave the telephone to the employee whom the caller wants to talk to. 3. Assisting of Applicants There were applicants that they don’t even know how to write and fill-up the forms that’s why the trainee assisted the applicants who open and closed their accounts in the bank, withdrawing and depositing savings accounts. To those who open new accounts the applicant must fill-up the following: Specimen Signature Ledger Depositor’s Information Sheet Deposit Slip In withdrawing savings account the costumer must fill-up the withdrawal slip while in depositing savings account; the costumer must fill-up the deposit slip. Before submitting the filled-up papers to the senior teller, the trainee must check if all the papers were all filled-up and if the costumer comply all the requirements. 4. Assisting the Senior Teller Every 3:30 PM, the bank will be close so there will be no more transactions to be accepted. At this time, the senior teller will make the teller’s blotter, teller’s proof sheet and also tickets and these reports must be done quickly because this will be submitted to the bookkeeper before 5:00 PM. That’s why the trainee will assist the senior teller by putting a paper on the printer and cutting the debit and credit tickets. 5. Photocopying of Documents The trainee was the one who will photocopy some documents to the Salina’s store because there is no Xerox machine in the bank. Salina’s store is just located near at the back of the bank so it is just a little walk. There were times that the Salina’s Store is closed or there Xerox Machine experienced some technical problems, so the trainee will go to the other store that is a little bit far just to have a photocopy. Sometimes the trainee experienced sluggishness because some employees in the bank do not gave all the papers that must have a photocopy, so the trainee will go back again in the store, especially if it is far and the temperature of the environment is very hot and dusty. But, even though that was the case that trainee tried her best to be low-tempered and self-disciplined. Filing of Documents The trainee was tasked to file some documents on the folders such as the working files, collection letter and the ledger. In filing the collection letters and working files, it must be arranged according to the surname of applicants while on the ledger it must be arranged according to its number. Ledgers are arranged every after the clerk is done recording it. If there is no folder for the documents to file the trainee was the one who will make folders. It takes almost a week to file all the documents by the trainee. 7. Making the SOLECO Daily Report Because the senior teller was not that enhanced in using the computer, the trainee was the one who will make the SOLECO report every after printing the daily collection from the CEBCOS. In making the report, here are some points to check: Total Collection (total check total cash) based from the deposit slip of the SOLECO The trainee must check whether the total collection is equal to the deposit slip of the SOLECO and if it is not equal, the trainee will ask the senior teller for assistance. Used OR (DCR) No. Used OR (DCR) No. , refers to the numbers of official receipt that was used throughout the day. The trainee must check whether the used OR (DCR) No. in the report from the database of the CEBCOS system is equal to the copy of official receipts from the collections of the senior teller. Used OR (Bills) No. Used OR (Bills) No. is always the same in every report. Unused OR (DCR) No. Unused OR (DCR) No. , refers the unused official receipt throughout the day, Unused OR (DCR) No. is based on the left official receipt in the volt. Unused OR (Bills) No. Unused OR (Bills) No. is also the same in every report. ORES No. ORES No. is also the same in every report. The SOLECO report must be made daily that’s why trainee makes sure to make the report before 5:00 PM. After making the report, the trainee will then distribute it to the employees who must have a signature on it such as the branch manager, Allan A. Cabilao, the bookkeeper in the bank, Dhalia A. Franca, then the senior teller, Norma N. Sumodlayon. The report will then be kept by the senior teller. This report is very useful in recognizing those consumers who pay in that day because some consumers claim to the SOLECO employees who will cut the electricity that they already pay on their bills within the month. Also, through this report, they knew the total collections throughout the day, whether they gain more or less. 8. Checking the Proof sheet Before submitting the proof sheet to the auditor, it must have a signature of all the employees so that the bank will not be reported to the board of directors. So, the trainee was the one who checks the proof sheet and if there is no signature the trainee was also the responsible to have a signature on it. 9. Reporting Reconnections to the SOLECO office SOLECO employees cuts the connection of electricity to those consumers who do not pay their bills every end of the month, that’s why the trainee was the one who will call the main office of SOLECO which is located at Sogod, Southern Leyte to those consumers who wants to have a reconnection of electricity. In reporting the reconnection consumers, the trainee must specify the address of the consumer so that the SOLECO employees who connect the electricity don’t have a hard time in finding the right place/address of the consumer. Using a telephone, the trainee experienced a simple way in reporting the reconnection. ACTIVITIES RELATED TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY These activities are related to the trainee’s field of specialization: 1. Operating the Computerized Electric Billing and Collection System (CEBCOS) Before the trainee operated the system, the senior teller of the bank, Norma N. Sumodlayon first oriented on how to operate the system. Here are the steps in operating the system: On the desktop, right click the icon of the system that has a file name/ Then click open or double click the icon. The login window will then appear in which only the senior teller must input the username and password of the system. If the username password are correct another window will appear that contains the operations you want to do. For collecting SOLECO bill payments, left click on the online tellering icon and choose on the combo box for the collection site which is MAIN OFFICE then click ok. Based on the statement of account of the consumer, enter the account number of the consumer then press enter. The information of the consumer will then appear in which you must check the consumer name and amount due of the consumer. If the information is balance to the statement of account of the consumer, you now enter the amount received from the consumer then always enter to print the official receipt. There were also cases that the consumer’s account is in create bill. In creating a bill, click on the create bill button, on the create bill window, enter the bill month and the account number of the consumer then click the view button. The information of the consumer will then appear, if it is correct based on the statement of account of the consumer, you then enter present reading, reading date and the meter reader from the statement of account of the consumer then click save. After saving, you then repeat the steps in printing the official receipt. If the consumer has already meet the deadline in paying, you must click on the combo box near the account # of the consumer, then click ok on the information window to add penalty on the consumer. To see whether the consumer must have a penalty, you must compare the date of paying to the deadline of payment from the statement of account of the consumer. In printing the report for the entire consumer who pay within the day, click on the softcopy collection report window, enter the date from and date to in the by date collection center combo box. After it, you now enter on the textbox the DCR No. you wish to print, and then click the preview daily collection button then print. Sometimes the trainee experienced difficulties in operating the CEBCOS due to some problems, such as when the system is offline due to a network error and if the connection is low specially when it is rainy. Also, sometimes the main office changes the IP Address, password and username of the system without informing the senior teller. But, with these difficulties the trainee learned many things. 2. Printing of Documents There are documents that are useful in daily transaction on the bank and also monthly reports to submit so the trainee was tasked to print the documents if the trainee is available. Here are some documents to print: Trip Ticket Router Slip Mailing List Collection Letters Cash Disbursement Record Monthly Minutes Monthly Minutes Central Collateral Register Report List of Dormant Accounts Average Daily Cash Holding – 30 day period These documents were already encoded in the computer, so the trainee will just print it using a printer. Sometimes, these tasks were not performed specially if the printer was not available or some employees use the printer and also if the printer do not work properly. 3. Sending and Receiving a Fax The trainee was obliged to send documents to the main office such as reports of the loan analyst and the bookkeeper using a fax machine and also receiving documents. In performing this task, the trainee simply obtain the fax number of the fax machine and dialed it, then pressing the â€Å"fax† or â€Å"send† button. The fax machine will then scan the document and when the trainee hears the fax tone, a confirmation window will then appear that only means that the task was performed successfully. 4. Installing a Printer The senior teller, Ms. Norma N. Sumodlayon, was the one who assisted the trainee on how to install the printer. Due to some problems on the printer from the table of the senior teller, the trainee swaps the printer from the SOLECO printer to the table of the senior teller so that the work of the senior teller would be convenient. 5. Backing – up of Files The trainee was also assigned to back – up some important files and documents that have been done in the bank. Backing – up refers to making a copy of a data so that these additional copies maybe used to restore the original after a data loss. Every file needs to have a back – up, so that whatever happens to the original file, there is still a copy. 6. Encoding of Documents The trainee was tasked to encode some documents for the daily transactions of the bank. Here are the documents to be encoded by the trainee: Monthly minutes Central Collateral Register Report List of Dormant Accounts Average Daily Cash Holding – 30 day period Mailing List Collection Letters CONCLUSION The longer you do something, the more you learn. The faster you gain knowledge, the more you become a productive employee. On-the-job training involves a program designed to teach the trainee what they must know and must do in order to complete their tasks successfully. It is a great pleasure to have the Rural Bank of Maasin (Southern Leyte), Inc. as the trainee’s work site. Because of those experiences it gives good opportunities to the trainee especially in the activities which are related to the trainee’s field of specialization. Through RBM- Bontoc, the trainee learned many things; from simple tasks to complicated. And also provides the trainee a stimulating atmosphere during my on-the-job training. This firm develops my self-confidence. On-the-job training is of theoretical significance because it represents a form of education that stands in sharp contrast to schooling. Learning in school is divorced from practice. On-the-job training programs offer an array of formats for relating learning to practice that may very well useful in settings other than workplace. Therefore, training gives more knowledge and learning to the students, Trainees can get more ideas from their superiors that will eventually develop and enrich their critical and thinking skills. Through training, the students are already prepared for the actual work. PROLEMS MET DURING THE ON-THE-JOB TRAINING During the on-the-job training, the trainee experienced some unfamiliar job assignments such as using the type writer, operating the CEBCOS and other tasks that were new to the trainee. The trainee had a hard time in using the typewriter because it is the trainee’s first time to use it and also in operating the CEBCOS but these problems was encountered with the help of the employees of Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc Branch. Sometimes, the trainee committed failures but these were the â€Å"spices† in making her work better. The trainee also had a difficulty in adjusting new people and environment but these were successfully conquered by the trainee with the help of the employees in the bank. With these problems the trainee learned a lot that could be useful in the future. According to Anthony Robbins â€Å"Every problem is a gift without problems we would not grow. † I am very much thankful for the problems I’ve encountered during the on-the-job training because with these problems I learned a lot and pushed me to strive harder. Without these problems I will not grow in my field of specialization and as being me. LESSONS LEARNED They say that nothing beats experience, as my professor would say, as the perfect learning tool. For some students, on-the-job training gives them a taste of the real world–a glimpse of what lies ahead after they graduate. Though this is not where I see my future in I have learned quite a lot that will carry on with me for the rest of my life. One important thing I learned is do something you truly love to do and you will always be happy doing it. I have also learned that building relationships is really important. I also had lots of memorable experiences, some are good and some are bad. I learned to sacrifice a lot of things; I hardly have time for anything else. Start with what you know, and remove the unknown. Simply put, begin at the beginning and then work on how to solve the problems one at a time. I learned it’s best to do and show your best. Ask your boss if they have some work for you to do. You never know; they might hire you after the internship or in the future. I think studying is harder than working, though; the real world is easier than college. I learned through experience how to interact and communicate with people. Knowing how to handle and tackle different issues and still be diplomatic in both action and words is important. It will be so exciting in the ‘real’ world, being independent and figuring things out on your own. This also means having to deal with different people more often, so it is really good to know what you’re doing, and to love it. All we can do as students is to learn whatever we can in school, be inspired, love the path we take, and finally do our best in everything we do, with a positive outlook in mind. One of the most important things that I learned is that talent alone is not enough. It is important, but it is no guarantee of success. One must also be hard-working and should practice self-discipline. Sacrifice is important, too. Through Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc Branch, I learned many things and discover new things, ideas and exploring anything that gives big help in molding me and adding such as in dealing with the customers, with the employees, and also in dealing with myself. RECOMMENDATIONS To lessen the difficulties during on-the-job training, follow this: 1. The trainee should be confident in facing trials. The trainee should be confident in facing trials, for this will help not only the trainee as well as the company to overcome failures. Because being affected by trials will lead to failure and not only the trainee’s reputation will be affected but the company as well. 2. The trainee must have strong determination in life. The trainee must have a strong determination in life, because if you are determined enough to fulfill things accurately, the employer would maybe decide to absorb the trainee due to the very satisfied service that the trainee rendered to the company. The trainee should work hard and focus on her work. The trainee should work hard and focus on her work in order to not commit mistakes in doing the job and get compliments from the employer as well as the co-employees. 4. Listen carefully to the instructions of the heads. The trainee must listen carefully to the instructions of the heads because they possessed enough knowledge with regards to the nature of the working environment that also allows the trainee to learn and gain more knowledge about the job and the company. 5. Follow and respect their decisions. The trainee must follow and respect the employer’s/head’s decision for they are the authorized individuals to decide for the companies good. This attitude will also help the trainee to gain good relationship to the heads as well as help him/her to get good impressions and performance rate from the heads. 6. Think positively and enjoy the work. Think positively and enjoy the work will help the trainee to always overcome all the challenges that he/she encounters without experiencing depressions in the end of the day. Just be yourself and they’ll like you. Just be yourself and they’ll like you, for showing your real character will allow others to convey with the trainee comfortably that can also help in making good relationship to other employees. 8. The trainee should have to get along with the employees. The trainee should have to get along with the employees would help the trainee to learn techniques in making the work effective and also to learn more things about the company coming from their advice that could make you a better trainee.

Free Essays on Problem Solving

Individual Assignment Compare and contrast two problem-solving methodologies, select one of these and apply it to a situation in your organisation. The latter should be written in a `case study` format Introduction – What is a Problem? In an individuals professional and social life, they will have objectives or desired outcomes that they aim to reach. These may be in preparing to take a family holiday or meeting a high sales target at work. During the course of attaining that goal they will encounter either an occurrence or obstacle that prevents the person achieving the desired aim or objective. This "circumstance" or "discrepancy" is a problem. It is preventing the individual from achieving their desired state of affairs in the manner that they had planned or had perceived it would be achieved. The problem solving methodology that an organisation will choose to attempt to solve these problems will determine their strategy and general approach to problem solving. It will determine what tools and techniques they use to assist in their processes. The comparison between a hard systems approach to problem solving and a soft systems approach provides us with two very different outlooks and are based on differing fundamental assumptions on how human beings interact. Hard Systems Thinking - Optimisation In the years after the Second World War, when lessons from military operations were applied to industrial companies and Government agencies, an interest in systems ideas developed in many fields. This interest was signalled by the formation of the Society for General Systems Research in 1954, a group of people who were interested in applying systems thinking in traditional disciplines. The basic principle that a hard system thinking emphasises is the use of quantification and measurement to understand systems. This strategy is intended to reduce the level of uncertainty that is associated with confronting problems and the possi... Free Essays on Problem Solving Free Essays on Problem Solving Individual Assignment Compare and contrast two problem-solving methodologies, select one of these and apply it to a situation in your organisation. The latter should be written in a `case study` format Introduction – What is a Problem? In an individuals professional and social life, they will have objectives or desired outcomes that they aim to reach. These may be in preparing to take a family holiday or meeting a high sales target at work. During the course of attaining that goal they will encounter either an occurrence or obstacle that prevents the person achieving the desired aim or objective. This "circumstance" or "discrepancy" is a problem. It is preventing the individual from achieving their desired state of affairs in the manner that they had planned or had perceived it would be achieved. The problem solving methodology that an organisation will choose to attempt to solve these problems will determine their strategy and general approach to problem solving. It will determine what tools and techniques they use to assist in their processes. The comparison between a hard systems approach to problem solving and a soft systems approach provides us with two very different outlooks and are based on differing fundamental assumptions on how human beings interact. Hard Systems Thinking - Optimisation In the years after the Second World War, when lessons from military operations were applied to industrial companies and Government agencies, an interest in systems ideas developed in many fields. This interest was signalled by the formation of the Society for General Systems Research in 1954, a group of people who were interested in applying systems thinking in traditional disciplines. The basic principle that a hard system thinking emphasises is the use of quantification and measurement to understand systems. This strategy is intended to reduce the level of uncertainty that is associated with confronting problems and the possi...

Free sample - The Battle of Algiers Movie Review. translation missing

The Battle of Algiers Movie Review. The Battle of Algiers Movie ReviewThesis Statement of Purpose: Verbatim report of research assignment. The Battle of Algiers: Movie Review Description of the movie The Battle of Algiers is a classic 1965 year movie based on the events of the Algerian War (1954-1962) and filmed by the Italian filmmaker Gillo Pontecorvo by the sketchy screenplay written by the former Algerian political leader Saadi Yasef with a script co-written by Franco Solinas, the Italian writer. In the original movie version there was a disclaimer: â€Å"Not one foot of newsreel or documentary film has been used.†(Johnson), however, the movie has a perfectly documentary nature. It was made black white to increase the viewer’s impression of facing the reality and not the choreographically set scenes. The movie was filmed in the natural sceneries of Algiers of 1965 and most of the cast were chosen from the non-professional Algerians picked up for their typical appearance and emotional effect. The language of the film is French and Arabic, and its latest release with English soundtrack and English subtitles was issued by Criterion Collection in a 3-disc DVD set, including interviews with the members of FLN and the discussion of Battle of Algiers's depiction of terrorism and guerilla realities by the USA counter-terrorism advisors and film directors. Exposition The movie opens with the scene of French soldiers brutally torturing an aged Algerian man and finally forcing him to agree to show them the location of Ali la Puente , the last alive member of the General Staff of FLN, the rebellion movement they are determined to destroy. The tormented man is trembling of pain and shame; the tears are running down on his cheeks, suddenly he rushes to a window trying to escape, but the soldiers catch him and force to follow them. The next scene shows the occupation of the house where Ali la Puente found refuge, soldiers drive out men and women to the hall, and the tortured traitor, dressed in the French military uniform, shows the place where La Puente is hiding with three of his companions-in-arms, one of who is a teenage boy. French soldiers are convincing them to surrender, but they stay silent and are waiting for death. The camera shows their faces – a very young man, a woman with a dark and resolute face, a boy and finally Ali la Puente himself, his eyed flashing with rage and bitter contempt. In this moment the vision becomes blurred and the film retraces to the past of the Algerian revolution and history of FLN formation, showing the viewer some random realities of treatment of Arabs by pied noirs: several French young men trip running Ali just for having fun of seeing him to fall, of French commissar provoking FLN activists by setting a bomb in one of the sleeping quarters, pied noirs enraged a fter the explosion attacking a small Arab child in a street and so on. Characters The Battle of Algiers is based on true events; nevertheless, there are used composite characters together with those depicting historical personalities. One of these composite characters is â€Å"Colonel Philippe Mathieu†, commanding the 10th Airborne Division that arrived to Algiers on the 10th of January, 1957 to organize the fight against rebel activity. He participated in campaigns in Italy and Normandy, was a member of an anti-Nazi resistance movement, and took part in the Indochina war. This character is a composite of several French officers, especially Jacques Massu and Marcel Bigeard (Maxey). This character is played by the only French actor in the cast, Jean Martin, who, ironically, was fired from the French theatre for signing a manifesto against Algerian war. Colonel Mathieu seems to be a decent soldier who is performing his duty (â€Å"We are soldiers, our duty is to win†), dissecting a problem into structural parts and trying to solve it in the most ration al way, isolating and destroying the active minority of rebellious Arabs. Though disliking the police aspect of fight against the revolution, he introduces the measures of total investigation and â€Å"exhausting† interrogations, that is to say, tortures. He states that the success is in the result if these methods. The FLN members are allowed to disclose the secret data only in 24 hours after arrest, which enables FLN to make any data irrelevant by this time. That is why the soldiers have to use other methods than common civil law procedures. Colonel Mathieu, though elegant and noble, seems to be a person who cut off his human qualities and turned into an icy machine to perform his duty.   The key character of the movie is Ali La Puente, one of the leaders of FLN, played by Brahim Haggiag, an illiterate Algerian selected for his character heroic appearance of a strong and passionate personality, and several times in the movie an accent is made on his eyes. Ali La Puente was imprisoned several times for minor crimes and vandalism, and upon his release was recruited by FLN. To ensure that he was not a spy or a traitor, he was ordered to assassinate a French policeman. In the recollections of Saadi Yasef (a prototype and a performer of the role of Jaffar) Ali La Puente appears a person of extraordinary courage, but also precise, practical and just. â€Å"After each of †¦ actions he was conscious of having carried out a doubly useful task. In fact, on one hand he eliminated a slyly effective enemy of the organization; on the other he increasingly liberated the inhabitants of the Casbah - they who were also daily victims of the often brutal conduct of these auxiliari es of the police - from fear†. (History of Algerian Independence).   Ali is a personification of thousands Muslim people crying for liberty and rights, in his eyes there is the unforgettable sharp feeling of rage and suffer, here he is truly a hero of his time.   Another prominent character of the movie is El-Hadi Jaffar, also the member of the FLN General Staff. This is a fictional character, based on the personality of Saadi Yasef, who himself also performed this role in the movie. Jaffar is presented as an intellectual inspirer and tactic organizer of all rebellious actions, including the 8-day strike in Casbah. The real Saadi Yasef was an organizer of the military wing of the Algeria National Front (Roth) and he physically conducted and led all the events that are depicted in the movie. The Battle of Algiers is based on his notes that he wrote on an envelope when he was imprisoned and spent five years in jail. (Roth). Saadi Yasef states that under those circumstances there was no another way either for French soldiers than to imply tortures, and no way for Algiers population than to react by violence to violence. Besides, french tortures caused in massive recruitment of Algerian people, which produced a strong impact to the destabilizatio n of France. Larbi Ben M’Hidi, who is now considered a National Hero in Algeria, is also an important character in the movie. He was a prominent Algerian leader, one of the headquarters of FLN, and was captured, tortured and executed by the French paratroopers in 1957. In The Battle of Algiers he is depicted as a strong personality, a political and war leader, possessing invincible will and charisma. In the scene of the press conference with Ben M’Hidi in the 4th of March, 1957, he behaves with a sense of incredible dignity and is even able to make bitter jokes, which surely causes respect towards the moral fiber and courage of this man, so strongly devoted to his ideals and his people. In the ranks of the Algerian revolutionaries there were women as well as men. In the movie veiled Muslim women hide in their wicker baskets guns for the assassinators performing hit-and-run attacks on policemen and soldiers. One of the strongest scenes on the film is the scene where three women, Djamila, Zohra, and Hassiba (one of those who joined in death to Ali La Puente), change their traditional clothes concealing all the face and body according to the Muslim laws and religion to the European skirts and blouses and even flippant trousers to pass French checkpoints unsearched, carrying bombs. One of these women even cuts her long black hair and dyes it light, another takes her son with her. They leave their handbags with bombs in a cafe, full of people, in a bar, where dozens of young people are drinking and dancing, and in the office of Air France. They see people - all civilian, practically innocent people - passengers awaiting their planes, aged people drinking coffee and talki ng, teenagers dancing, a diffident boy who is afraid to invite a girl to dance, and - as a culmination - a small child licking ice-cream - all this to be blown up in several minutes. One can only guess what might these three women feel - but nevertheless, they leave the bombs and go away, and there are dozens of victims, and blood, and fear. Petit Omar is a small hero of the Algerian War, a street urchin and a FLN messenger, who then becomes one of the most devoted fellow-soldiers of Ali La Puente and is executed by the French soldiers together with him. He is probably an embodiment of all Muslim children of Algiers of that time, maybe not understanding political motives and reasons, but strong in their hate to the enemy who killed their loved ones, and that is why devoted to the cause of the revolution. Analysis of the movie Plot Lines and Themes The film, subsidized by Algerian government, was originally intended as a part of propaganda for anti-colonialism. In 1965, the time of the movie filming, the Algerian War was still fresh for pubic, as Algerian independence was proclaimed only three years ago, in 1962, after 8 years of struggle. The movie that began as a sketchy screenplay written by Saadi Yasef in prison nowadays became one of the so-called training films for Pentagon officers for them to understand the regularities and rules of partisan war and ways of struggle against world terrorism. However, Saadi Yasef himself in his interview to Diplomatic License states that â€Å"the style, the urban guerilla style, the Chinese style, the Latin American style, South American style, did not have the same human elements, geographic elements or social elements. There is nothing comparable. So Algeria really has nothing in common with all of that†. (Roth). To make the events of the Battle of Algiers more personal and to create a single plot line, the creators of the movie concentrate the attention on Ali La Puente as the personification of the rebellious spirit, and partially the story is told as witnessed by his eyes. The camera focused on his face, as if carved out of stone, and his short biography of an ordinary street criminal is told, but nevertheless it is clearly felt that he is deemed to play the great role in the story of Algerian revolution.   After the stories of Ali La Puente, Jaffar, Larbi Ben M’Hidi and three women who carried bombs, another subtle plot line is a story of a young Algerian couple, both of them belonging to FLN. The scene of their wedding ceremony comes shortly after the scene of Algerian children kicking and mocking the alcoholic, as due to FLN propaganda alcoholism, prostitution and selling drugs in Casbah were considered illegal and such that undermine health and fighting capability of Algerians. The wedding ceremony is conducted by Larbi Ben M’Hidi himself and the marriage is registered by FLN. The bride, Fatiha, is very young, almost a girl, and so young is her chosen one, Mahmud. He will be one of those who will join Ali La Puente in death, blown up in their hiding place. There is a short prayer, the newly married sign their names, and then - another prayer, the voices of many people standing not only in the room where the marriage took place, but also in the yard, on the roofs of hou ses, join into a rhythmic choir, This prayer flows over the dirty and ragged walls of Casbah to the lighted streets and rich white houses of the European quarters. Despite its seeming simplicity, it is a very strong scene, showing the viewer the connection between FLN and civilian people of Algiers, unanimously determined to win their freedom and their right for own culture and religion.  Ã‚   Propaganda and Tortures Constant attacks on policemen and police stations keep French population of Algiers in terror. The Government is trying to introduce measures to control terrorism, such as reporting about people with gunshot wounds in hospitals and blocking entrances to the Muslim quarters of city at night and installing there police checkpoints in the daytime. Then women start carrying guns under their veils, guns can be hidden in the fruit baskets and can appear in a hand of an Algerian teenager. Yes, this is terrorism, but after the explosion of the bomb set in a Casbah sleeping quarter by French, when a viewer sees Algerian man carrying the mutilated bodies of children out of the ruined house, the crying and screaming women searching for their loved ones in the ruins, after that it is easier to apprehend the motives of FLN members setting bombs in public places. Either in guerilla or in civil war propaganda is one of the most effective ways of influence on the society and public opinion. As The Battle of Algiers is a reconstruction of the real events, this movie can be chosen as an example of such influence. Really, propagandistic appeals to the Muslim population of Algiers sounding from the megaphones in the casbah streets are a part of the natural background of these years’ city life. Such appeals have destructive strength that is hard to exaggerate, because they are intruding into thoughts of each single person, changing opinion and causing doubt in what they used to believe, especially if such propagandistic appeals were competently composed. French radio emissions in casbah contain nothing except lists of names of those who were recently arrested and killed, but considering the structure of FLN, it could be one of the best ways to convince people that hear familiar names of that the organization is on its last legs and to persuad e them to collaborate with police. One can never say now how well this worked; taking in account that fact that the police still had to imply the most severe tortures to force the arrested to disclose their fellow-soldiers. Later appeals become more persuading and non-compromising, directly stating that FLN is disorganized and the battle is lost, and convincing Muslim citizens to step under the protection of French army. In the movie these words sound in the background of frightening scenes of Algerian people standing with their faces to the walls and searched by the policemen, dead bodies lying in the streets and – there is a tear-stained Muslim child, watching a soldier to search a killed man. Propaganda can work only if it is supported by real actions, at least partially, but never if it fully contradicts the reality. Besides, people are always more likely to believe propaganda that corresponds their convictions and that is issued by someone from their own side. The strong scene of the movie is when Petit Omar steals a microphone from a police officer in the checkpoint on the 6th day of the strike. The officer was reading the text stating that FLN impedes normal prosperous life of casbah people and that France is their real motherland, all this in the background of Algerian women searching their probably arrested or killed sons and husbands in the rows of men coming back from work in the European quarters. No one believes this French propaganda, no one listens to it. But then Omar steals the microphone, and his ardent appeal to his compatriots sounds above the rows of the exhausted and despaired people – an appeal to resist and to believe in their future freedom, and this is met by the immediate furious support of people, a frightening scream of women, sending shivers down the spine, and this can not be stopped by fear of guns and arrest. This proves once more that propaganda, despite its obvious effectiveness, can not work well if it meets st rong resistance of the antagonizing population. Tortures are another important theme and problem of the movie. On the part of the French headquarters, the use of tortures seems to be justified by the necessity to get information from the arrested members of FLN as quick as possible, taking in account that fact that the police can not linger and use common methods of civil investigation while bombs are exploding in the city quarters and dozens of victims die every day. And they implied burning hot iron, waterboarding, hanging people upside down and electric shocks, and for sure, they got information, figuring out members of FLN and defining its structure. After the series of such "investigations" (Webber, Chapter 3), FLN headquarters were forced to leave the capital, and this was the first victory of France. But there was also the opposite result: these tortures completely destroyed the image of France as a democratic country and caused massive voluntary recruitment of Algerians to the ranks of FLN. Saadi Yasef says in his interview to Diplomatic License:   â€Å"I don't see how the French Army could have acted in any other way under the circumstances. We simply had to accept this fact of torture [†¦.] Automatically there was a massive recruitment as a result [†¦]. When you killed someone, 10 more recruits flocked to our side. So we needed this kind of torture, this brutality, to destabilize France, eliminate the 4th Republic, and everything else involved in terms of brutality and cruelty†(Roth). Implying tortures also caused great scandal in French society, which is almost not shown in the movie. Several brochures of the re-called reservists in Algeria were published generally in 1957, disclosing for the French public the real nature of Algerian conflict, despite the veil of secrecy and censorship. The publications in journals and newspapers involved intellectuals that soon formed networks fighting against human rights violations. The significant example of the mood of certain spheres of French society could be a phrase of the anti-colonialist historian Robert Bonnaud: "If France's honor can go along with these acts of torture, then France is a country without honor."(Webber, Chapter 3). Sometimes while watching a movie a question may appear: is the Algerian independence worth all this? Algeria had been a French colony for 130 years by that moment, so was there a reason to start a revolution? This paper is not dedicated to the reasons of Algerian War, but here is just a logical remark: people do not start rebellious actions if they have economic and cultural freedom. The obtrusive politics of France and nationalistic behavior of â€Å"pied noirs† caused indignation and insurrection, and probably there was no another way to solve the conflict except guerilla. The movie was filmed with an attempt to show the events from the neutral point of view. In fact, in such a movie there can not be any neutrality. There are two parties fighting against each other, each applying methods that have nothing in common with humanity and morality. In fact, there is no difference, whose children – French or Algerian - are pulled out of the ruins; there is no difference, with whose blood the stones of the city streets are soaked. The thing is in that any violence has its subsequences, either fear and submission, or resistance and even stronger violence, and this second effect we actually see in the events of Algerian war. Glossary of Key Terms Algerian War - a conflict between France and Algerian independence movements from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria gaining its independence from France. Casbah - specifically the citadel of Algiers in Algeria and the traditional quarter clustered around it. FLN (transliterated: Jabhat at-Ta?rir al-Watani, French: Front de Libà ©ration Nationale, hence FLN)   -   a socialist political party in Algeria. It was set up on November 1, 1954 as a merger of other smaller groups, to obtain independence for Algeria from France. Guerilla - a form of irregular warfare and refers to conflicts in which a small group of combatants including, but not limited to, armed civilians (or "irregulars") use military tactics, like ambushes, sabotage, raids, the element of surprise, and extraordinary mobility to harass a larger and less-mobile traditional army, or strike a vulnerable target, and withdraw almost immediately. Paratroopers - soldiers trained in parachuting and generally operate as part of an airborne force. Pieds-Noirs - a term used to refer to colonists of French Algeria until the Algerian independence in 1962. Specifically, Pieds-Noirs were French nationals, including those of European descent, Sephardic Jews and settlers from other European countries such as Spain, Italy and Malta, who were born in Algeria. Propaganda - a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a community toward some cause or position. Appendix 1. Map of Algeria at the time of the war 2. Information about France and Algeria  Ã‚     Languages   Religions  Currency  France  French  Christian  Francs  Algeria  Arabic and French  Muslim  Francs   3. Algerian War Numbers: Casualties and Losses: Algeria: 153,000 dead, 160,000 wounded, 1,500,000 dead according to the Algerian government; France: 25,600 dead, 65,000 wounded.

Discuss the range of possible outcomes if Shakespeare's advice of Essay

Discuss the range of possible outcomes if Shakespeare's advice of neither a lender nor a borrower be should become a general law - Essay Example Besides, it provides easy and cheap liquidity than other available lenders and intermediaries (Delaume 2012). In the event that Shakespeare’s statement was a general law, there would not be the expanded financial liberalization and enhanced volumes of private capital flaws in the developed countries that was characteristic of 1990s. The post crisis capital mobility in the developing world (especially in Asia) was as a result of four forms of capital inflows; portfolio investments, direct investment, bank loans and other investments. Bank loans in countries like Malaysia saw their economies grow from third world economies to second world status (Shin-Ichi, 2013). Loans that were advanced to the states through World Bank and IMF helped improve the overall economy of the nations and the welfare of their citizens. This would not be possible had Shakespeare’s statement been a general law. In domestic financial markets, banks are the most outstanding means of channeling savings to investments with the most favorable returns. In the event that the statement by Shakespeare became a common law, banks would not provide liquidity and permit efficient pooling of risks (Shin-Ichi, 2013). The fact that there are lenders and borrowers creates an environment that enables the activities of banks to alter the composition of capital in a manner that is potentially good for enhancing capital accumulation. Development of banks as lending institutions institutionalizes them as the gatherers of information about firms and reducing corporate myopia by conquering the quandaries associated with informational asymmetry (Shin-Ichi, 2013). The powers are given to the banks by depositors. These powers have led to availability of valuable information that helps a firm engage economically with another. Had lending and borrowing been absent, such powers would not be within the reach of banks. Economic development and

Valuation of Firms in Mergers and Acquisitions Case Study

Valuation of Firms in Mergers and Acquisitions - Case Study Example Triumph is of the opinion that acquisition of Rustic, a competitor in the same industry but with a radically different market share, would significantly boost its market penetration, enhance quality in production, and give it immense benefits with regard to economies of scale. As of present, Triumph has a predominantly southern customer base while Rustic has a chiefly northern customer base. The premise for this presumption is the view by Triumph’s CEO that Rustic is underperforming and its shares are undervalued. Hopes regarding the merger and acquisition soar high, with the expectations that the deal will grow the combined business establishment by up to 10%. However, the operating costs will rise by an estimated 5% in the first year. The financing option under consideration involves the issuance of long-term bonds to buy out shareholders at Rustic. The bonds will be issued at the current borrowing rate of the two companies. This report analyses the merger and acquisition ca se for Triumph and Rustic Plc.  The first two valuation cases are highly similar, with the only difference being that the first method assumes a constant dividend in perpetuity while the other DVM option assumes a constant dividend growth in perpetuity. The slight difference, however, makes a considerable difference in the estimated value of the resultant business, 41,000,000 and 90,420,000 respectively. The use of DVM in valuation model is most relevant in cases where the dividend pattern for a company is predictable and highly estimable (Bayrak, 2010). The management at both companies can make use of the method since both companies are currently paying dividends to their shareholders.

Historical Letter Essay Example for Free

Historical Letter Essay What privileges do you enjoy today? Do you have air-conditioning when the sun scorches your back? Do you have heating machines when the cold bites you from deep inside? Do you have a vehicle that brings you to your destination without you having to hike three mountains or so? Which of these privileges do you take for granted? It’s because you never experienced living without these privileges that you do not fully understand and appreciate their importance. What other rights do you have? Are girls allowed to go school with boys? Are women given access in the universities as men are? Can women engage in careers that men are engaged in? Can women vote? I am Mary Ellise Scott. An eighteen-year-old lady from Pennsylvania. And through this letter I will explain to you how different your time is from my time. There was a time when all these were deprived of women. Take for instance the right to vote. In the 19th century, in my century, I am already am eighteen years old. But despite this fact, I am not allowed to vote – I am not allowed to choose who will represent my needs in government. This is why in my century Carrie S. Burnham, a teacher and a physician took her case to the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania on 4 April 1873. This was already the peak of her campaign, as she was already going around Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and all other cities in the country, speaking about this. I was just sixteen years old when she came and spoke in our town square. I always thought before that the order that things are in now, is that’s what it’s supposed to be – men vote and women don’t, just because. I never thought of it in a perspective of inequality until I heard her arguments about it. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court rejected her arguments. Susan B. Anthony campaigned for the same rights, and eventually got senators to amend the Constitution and finally allow women to vote. There are others who are like this during my time. There are many women who thought and realized that the handicap they are accorded on account of their sex is just plain unfair. One of these is Mary Church Terrel. Indeed, it is difficult to be a woman during my time. While we are already allowed to go the university and study, most of the parents who send their children who are women to school, just do the same for the sake of saying that they allow their children to go to school. But after graduating, their daughters are already to marry. She goes to the university to study how it is to be a good housewife for the most part, and the other subject matters that would later on translate to a career, are disregarded. I consider those daughters lucky. At least they get to go to the university. For my case, father never allowed me to go to the university. He thought that my education was more than enough to find me a good husband and allow me to become a good mother. Father thinks that this is the only purpose that a woman has. A woman, as my mother had to stay at home, attend to the chores and needs of the husband and the children. He tells me that I do not need some fancy education and some expensive diploma to allow me to do this. He tells me that I will learn about being a good wife and mother, by staying at home and helping my mother out. I want to be a doctor you know. But how can I do that when my father only believes that I am meant for the broom and the ladle. This is also why the men in the family are more valued than the women. Aside from the fact that they have all the privileges you can think of, fathers treat them differently. They are the favorites because for them the men bring glory to the family, as they bring home the money and as they have the chance to pursue careers and become good at their fields, while women are just good for the house. There is a certain repulsion that I feel deep inside, with the knowledge that there really is no substantial difference between my brother and I, for him to be able to go to the university and for him to be able to vote. If he can decide for his country, why can’t I? Just because I am woman, I cannot vote. I do not see any logic in that. You see, you are lucky. You have everything you need and many more. So appreciate what you have and realize how difficult it was for us during this time to pursue something other than being homemakers. Women are not just for the brooms and ladle, we are for the books and for careers as well.

Cats Amazing Ability to Survive Falls Essay -- physics cat cats fall

Your chance of surviving a fall of 50 feet (approximately 4 stories) is about 50%, while almost no one who falls 6 stories will be around to tell their tale. However, in a study conducted by Manhattan veterinarians, Drs. Wayne Whitney and Cheryl Mehlhaff, it was discovered that out of 115 cases of cats falling (accidentally) from multi-story heights, 90% of them survived. An even more surprising result is that if a cat falls from more than 7 stories its chance of survival doubles, compared to a cat having fallen from 2 to 7 stories (a story averages about 12 feet). No wonder cats are fabled to have nine lives. It turns out that the two most important variables which contribute to the cat's survival are its ability to land on its feet and its reaching terminal velocity (both of which involve a fair deal of physics). Whitney & Melhaff's Study Cats' apparent fearlessness concerning heights leads to many accidental falls. In fact so many cats are brought to veterinarians for treatment after a fall, that in 1976 Dr. Gordon Robinson coined the term feline high-rise syndrome to describe the resulting pattern of injuries. Eleven years later Drs. Wayne Whitney and Cheryl Mehlhaff at the Animal Medical Center in Manhattan conducted a study over a five month period on cats brought in for treatment after a fall. They compiled a database of 115 cats who fell a range of two to thirty-two stories, primarily ending their falls on concrete pavement. The mean fall was 5.5 stories. Three of the cats were dead upon arrival and 8 more died in the next twenty-four hours, leaving 104 living cats or about 90%. This is a remarkable statistic. When the height the cats fell is taken into account, it is found that only 5% of the cats who fell seven ... ... a small amount of mass, but also their ability comes from their flying squirrel (relaxed) posture upon reaching terminal velocity and from their superb inner gyroscope. Works Cited * Diamond, Jared. "How Cats Survive Falls from New York Skyscapers," Natural History 20-26; August 1989. * Diamod, Jared. "Why cats have nine lives," Nature 332, 586-587; April 14, 1988. * Fredrickson, J. E. "The tail-less cat in free-fall," The Physics Teacher. 27, 620-625; November 1989. * Halliday, David, Robert Resnick and Jearl Walker. Fundamentals of Physics, 5th ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1997. * Mehlhaff, Cheryl and Wayne Whitney. "High-rise syndrome in cats," J. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc. 191, 1399-1403;1987. * "Terminal Velocity," Discover 9,10; August 1988. * Von Baeyer, Hans Christian. "Swing Shift," The Sciences 30, 2-4; May/June 1990.

The Pearl Epilogue

The Pearl Epilogue It has been five years since Kino and Juana through away the pearl back into the deep blue sea. Kino, has been having many dreams about the day Coyotito’s head had been blown off of his silk skin body. From that day, they knew that it was time to enter a period of hiding. A new King of Spain was chosen because of the old one being assassinated. It was the previous Kings son who was bloodthirsty to find where Kino and Juana were hiding because since Kino had killed a man, he was also pinned for the murder of King Aurellious; which was not a crime he had committed.The King of Spain had searched the native’s entire homeland to hopefully capture them, but the King was thinking to smart. For five years, Kino and Juana have been hiding in a dark black cave that was as cold as a freezer. They were feared of being ripped to shreds as if they were real animals being skinned. Kino and Juana have grown apart from purposes long ago, but they realized they needed each other for the problems they are encountering now. Although Kino and Juana had their differences in seeing each other, they each had moments over the years where they loved each other very much.It was enough for Juana to reach a stage of being pregnant once again. With a new baby on the way it certainly kept Juana occupied for many months. Kino for months found food, water, and enough things to call a cave somewhat of his home. No matter how many animals Kino had skinned it wasn’t enough to keep him or Juana warm. Juana was growing very sick because she was losing energy from caring the baby in her stomach. When the time came for the baby can come out of Juana’s whom, she was on the edge of dying.They both knew that the baby would have to be cut out of Juana’s whom, so Juana insisted to do anything to her to get the one thing Kino and her wanted the most, their beautiful baby daughter. Kino had to kill Juana for she wouldn’t have to suffer the pain of being sliced like a butcher slices meat. The new born girl had finally come. Kino and Juana always remembered the wonderful years they had with Coyotito, so Kino decided to name his new born baby girl; Coyotita. But, as soon as Kino had Coyotita wrapped around his arms, a million thoughts came pouring into his brain; from how the baby will survive with no ursery, to finding food and watching Coyotita at the same time. Kino soon realized that he really needed Juana while he did the rest by getting resources to stay alive in the cave. Kino was truly living like a caveman. He had no education, he is wanted dead or alive, and he has a new baby that might die because of him not being able to support her. He is running out of time to feed himself and his baby, so he is coming up with a plan to get his life back together. He is deciding on returning to his village with the baby wrapped in white tiger skin placed in a weaved oval shape basket, with a note on the left side of him.Kino was p lanning on bringing Coyotita to his brother for a while so Kino can turn himself over to the King. But, Kino does not know that he was also accused for the murder of their former King of Spain. Kino was completely confused like an orphan trying to understand that his parents weren’t his birth parents. He was about to enter the gates of the King’s Kingdom as hundreds of soldiers ran towards him screaming in Spanish to stay down and not to move. He was immediately taken to the King for his sentence.The King was screaming at Kino for what he has done. Kino apologized for killing a man, but the king began again to scream because he was explaining to Kino that King Aurellious was not just a man. From there on Kino knew that he was going to be punished with a murder that he had never committed. He was not aloud to say anything after he was given his life long sentence or the choice of being executed. Kino chose to be executed. Ten years later, Coyotita was living a very well educated life with her uncle watching over her.

How does Robert Swindells create sympathy for Link, and homeless people, in his novel, Stone Cold? Essay

In the novel â€Å"Stone Cold†, Swindells tries to create a sympathetic atmosphere for, one of the main characters, â€Å"Link† and other homeless people in general. To do this; he uses a variety of techniques in his novel to help get the reader too sympathise with Link and the other homeless people. The first technique he uses is first person narrative. This is shown when Link says; â€Å"they avoid looking at me. Right now I’m sitting in a doorway watching the passers-by†. This uses first person narrative as the words â€Å"me† and â€Å"I’m† have been used, meaning Link is saying it. He implies that it is the pedestrians trying to â€Å"avoid† him, acting like he is not there. As if he’s invisible. Which is shown when Swindells uses the word â€Å"they†- also making the reader feel as if Link is addressing them, engaging the reader, making them feel pity and guilt towards Link. He also uses first person narrative when he says, â€Å"It was still dark, and bitterly cold as I began to peel of my sleeping bag†. Again, he uses first person narrative as he uses the words â€Å"me† and â€Å"I†. This creates sympathy as he uses strong words like â€Å"bitterly† which makes emphasises the fact how col d he is. As words like â€Å"dark† has been used it gives the reader an insight of link’s feelings of how frightened he is, as he â€Å"peels† of his sleeping bag, constantly in pain- in the depths of despair. Secondly, the author creates sympathy by showing the reasons for becoming homeless, how easy it seems to become homeless and that it’s not always their fault for ending up on the streets. This is shown right at the beginning of the book when Link states; â€Å"But that’s not why I ended up like this. No Vincent’s to blame for that†. As soon as the reader finishes reading this, they are instantly curious of: Who Vincent is? Why he done what he did? Also, how he done it? This is emphasised when Link says, â€Å"Vincent is to blame.† Using a short sentence and leaving the reader on a cliff-hanger. This creates sympathy for Link as it shows how it was not in any way link’s fault for becoming how he is and makes the reader think of what dreadful thing Vincent done too make a fourteen year-old boy run away from his warm, safe and secure on the â€Å"Stone Cold† pavements†, in the freezing, frightening and reckless streets of London. Thirdly, when Link arrives in London it is his very first time, during this time period he is presented to be very naà ¯ve; making many vital mistakes which can never be fixed. This is shown as Link uses the metaphor, â€Å"You’re on the old downward spiral and that’s that,† When Link says the word â€Å"old† in the metaphor to describe the â€Å"spiral† it makes it seem as if Link has many mistakes before Link was homeless, causing the reader too sympathise with Link. Also, Link stats; â€Å"that was my second mistake†, causing the reader too expect more mistakes too come in the nearby future. The fact that Link uses a metaphor, heightens the fact that once you make the first crucial mistake. There’s no going back. Fourthly, Swindells creates sympathy by showing that there is no government aid or support for Link and the other homeless people. This is implied during Link’s search for money when he says; â€Å"You mean I’ll get no benefit- nothing?† The author creates sympathy as he makes the government seem like they are doing nothing to help Link, making the reader portray an egotistical image of them. After he says this he adds â€Å"-nothing† to really emphasise the fact that the government isn’t giving Link (and the other homeless people) one single penny. This enforces the fact that link has nothing creating sympathetic atmosphere. Fifthly, the author tries to make sympathy for Link by showing how badly Link is treated by: his family, the general public, his landlord Rat face and even the other homeless people! Vince –Link’s mum’s boyfriend- is shown to treat Link exceedingly bad due to violence, which is shown when Link states, â€Å"Vince started slapping me around the head!† When this is said it builds up a reputation for Vince; making him seem like a diabolical man, giving the reader an insight of Vince’s true monstrosity and show the upsetting reality of Link’s depressing life. Hence sympathy created for Link. Also when the word â€Å"head† is mentioned it causes the reader to feel more sympathy for Link due to the head being a very important and could seriously injure someone; showing the sheer hatred of Vince towards Link. The dreaded Landlord, known as â€Å"Rat-face†, also treats Link horribly, this is shown when Link says; â€Å"He had a bunch if my shirt in his fist and his face was an inch away from mine† This creates sympathy towards Link as it shows how threatening Rat-face is being towards the fourteen year old boy, Link. When words like, â€Å"fist† are used it give the reader a sense of danger and helplessness from Link; making the landlord over-powering, intimidating and a more authoritative person. Link is also shown disrespect from other homeless people who show no mercy towards him, this is shown when the other homeless man says; â€Å"Sod off, kiddo, before I drop yer† As the man states the word, â€Å"kiddo† it reminds the reader how young and vulnerable Link is towards other threatening people. It also shows that the homeless person know he is young; portraying an evil image of the man as he bully Links around. Sixthly, the author creates sympathy by the use of detailed description of the terrible weather conditions endured by Link and the other homeless people. This is shown when Link says,† Spend one January night in a doorway and you’ll know why† Link tells the reader how harsh the weather is without actually describing it; he implies how disgraceful it is by saying â€Å"you’ll know why† making a cliff-hanger and causing an effect on the reader as they are left to make up in their minds what horrendous conditions Link – and the other homeless people- had to stay in. Link also says; â€Å"It was dark and bitterly cold as I began to peel of my sleeping bag† As the author adds extra detailed words like, â€Å"bitterly† it gives the reader a real sense of the sheer coldness of being on the streets. Swindells also says the phrase; â€Å"peel of my sleeping bag† showing how uncomfortable Link is and how easy tasks can become very difficult. Link also states, â€Å"It was raw morning with a sneaky wind which came out of the side streets and went right through you† Swindells emphasises how freezing cold it is by using the metaphor; â€Å"went right through you† getting the reader to feel for Link and sympathise with him as he is forced to be prey to the brutal winds. Also when the term, â€Å"raw morning† is used it gives the reader an idea of fresh; yet bitter conditions. Seventhly, and finally, sympathy is created as a sense danger is found throughout the whole novel of â€Å"Stone Cold†. As soon as Link becomes homeless he soon becomes aware of the dangers, this is shown when Link states; â€Å"There are guys so desperate or so crazy, they’ll knife you or batter your head in for your sleeping bag and the coppers you’ve got in your pocket† When this is said it gives the reader a sense of despair and how much people will do for so little. Also, as Link is going through this it makes the reader sympathetic for Link as they realise his helplessness and how he’s at the Brink if despair†¦Also in Shelter’s narrative he says; â€Å"Nobody knows they’re there, they’re invisible.† When this is says it shows how professional Shelter is at murdering people; giving the reader a real sense of danger for Link as he has many encounters with this skilled murderer, showing Link’s vulnerability . When shelter says; â€Å"They’re invisible† he uses a metaphor to show that no one will ever find them and it’s like the victims are not even there. In conclusion Robert Swindells uses many successful ways and techniques to create sympathy for Link and the other homeless people in his novel, â€Å"Stone Cold† This builds up to create a sympathetic atmosphere throughout the whole of the book.